F00-F09: Organic, including symptomatic, mental disorders

ICD 10 CLASSIFICATION OF PSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS

Introduction

• ICD-10 is the 10th revision of the International statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD), a medical classification list by the World Health Organization (WHO).

• Chapter V of the ICD 10 Classifies of Mental and Behavioural Disorders

¶ List of Categories

• F00-F09: Organic, including symptomatic, mental disorders

• F10-F19: Mental and behavioral disorders due to psychoactive substance use

• F20-F29: Schizophrenia, schizotypal and delusional disorders

• F30-F39: Mood [affective] disorders

• F40-F48: Neurotic, stress-related and somatoform disorders

• F50-F59: Behavioral syndromes associated with physiological disturbances and physical factors

• F60-F69: Disorders of adult personality and behavior

• F70-F79: Mental retardation

• F80-F89: Disorders of psychological development

• F90-F98: Behavioral and emotional disorders with onset usually occurring in childhood and adolescence

• F99-F99: Unspecified mental disorder 

¶ Important Psychiatric Disorders and its Classification Codes

• F10: Mental and behavioral disorders due to use of alcohol

• F11: Mental and behavioral disorders due to use of opioid

• F20: Schizophrenia

• F30: Manic episode

• F31: Bipolar Affective Disorder (BPAD)

• F32: Depressive Episode

• F40: Phobic Anxiety Disorder

• F42: Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

• F44: Dissociative Disorder

• F50: Eating disorders

• F52: Sexual dysfunction

• F60: Specific Personality disorders

• F70: Mild Mental retardation

• F71: Moderate Mental retardation

• F72: Severe Mental retardation

• F73: Profound Mental retardation

• F80: Specific developmental disorders of speech and language

• F90: Hyperkinetic disorder

• F95: Tic disorders

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F00-F09 Organic, including symptomatic, mental disorders:

Organic mental disorders, also known as organic brain syndromes, are a group of disorders characterized by cognitive impairment, behavioral and emotional changes, and other symptoms that are associated with abnormalities in brain function due to a physical illness or injury.

Symptoms of organic mental disorders can vary widely depending on the underlying cause and the part of the brain affected, but they often include confusion, memory loss, difficulty concentrating, problems with speech or language, changes in mood or behavior, and physical symptoms such as tremors or seizures.

Organic mental disorders can be caused by a variety of medical conditions, such as traumatic brain injury, brain tumors, infections, metabolic disorders, and chronic alcohol or drug abuse. They can also be caused by medications or exposure to toxins.

It is important to note that not all mental disorders are organic in nature. 

Many mental disorders are classified as functional or non-organic, meaning they do not have a known physical cause or underlying medical condition. 

Examples of non-organic mental disorders include anxiety disorders, mood disorders, and personality disorders.

The codes F00-F09 are used to classify various organic, including symptomatic, mental disorders. 

These disorders are caused by known or suspected physiological factors, such as diseases, injuries, or other physical conditions affecting the brain or other parts of the nervous system.

The following are some of the specific disorders classified under F00-F09:

F00: Dementia in Alzheimer's disease

F01: Vascular dementia

F02: Dementia in other diseases classified elsewhere

F03: Unspecified dementia

F04: Amnestic disorder due to known physiological condition

F05: Delirium due to known physiological condition

F06: Other mental disorders due to known physiological condition

F07: Personality and behavioral disorders due to brain disease, damage, and dysfunction

F08: Other organic or symptomatic mental disorders

F09: Unspecified organic or symptomatic mental disorder

It is important to note that these codes are used to classify the underlying organic or physiological cause of the mental disorder and not the symptoms themselves.

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F00:

F00 is a diagnostic code in the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision (ICD-10) used to classify dementia in Alzheimer's disease.

Dementia is a syndrome characterized by a progressive decline in cognitive function and other mental abilities, such as memory, language, judgment, and reasoning. Alzheimer's disease is the most common cause of dementia, accounting for 60-80% of all cases.

The symptoms of Alzheimer's disease typically develop slowly and gradually worsen over time, with early signs including memory loss, difficulty with language and communication, poor judgment, and disorientation. As the disease progresses, individuals may experience personality changes, mood swings, and behavioral problems.

Diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease is typically based on a comprehensive evaluation of the individual's medical history, cognitive function, and other symptoms, along with tests such as brain imaging and blood tests. Treatment may involve medications to manage symptoms, as well as lifestyle modifications and support from caregivers.

The F00 code is used to classify cases of dementia that are specifically due to Alzheimer's disease.

F01

F01 is a diagnostic code in the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision (ICD-10) used to classify vascular dementia.

Vascular dementia is a type of dementia that results from reduced blood flow to the brain, typically due to a stroke or other cerebrovascular disease. It is the second most common cause of dementia, accounting for approximately 10% of cases.

The symptoms of vascular dementia can vary depending on the location and extent of the damage to the brain. Some common symptoms include problems with memory, concentration, and judgment, as well as difficulty with planning and organizing tasks. Individuals with vascular dementia may also experience mood swings, depression, and anxiety.

Diagnosis of vascular dementia typically involves a comprehensive evaluation of the individual's medical history, cognitive function, and other symptoms, along with imaging tests such as MRI or CT scans. Treatment may involve medications to manage symptoms, as well as lifestyle modifications and support from caregivers.

The F01 code is used to classify cases of dementia that are specifically due to cerebrovascular disease or other vascular factors.

F02:

F02 is a diagnostic code in the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision (ICD-10) used to classify dementia in other diseases classified elsewhere.

Dementia is a syndrome characterized by a progressive decline in cognitive function and other mental abilities, such as memory, language, judgment, and reasoning. There are many different causes of dementia, including Alzheimer's disease, vascular disease, and other diseases and conditions that affect the brain.

The F02 code is used to classify cases of dementia that are specifically due to diseases or conditions that are classified elsewhere in the ICD-10 system. This may include conditions such as Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, and HIV/AIDS-related dementia, among others.

The symptoms of dementia can vary depending on the underlying cause, but common symptoms may include memory loss, difficulty with language and communication, poor judgment, and disorientation. As the disease progresses, individuals may experience personality changes, mood swings, and behavioral problems.

Diagnosis of dementia typically involves a comprehensive evaluation of the individual's medical history, cognitive function, and other symptoms, along with imaging tests such as MRI or CT scans. Treatment may involve medications to manage symptoms, as well as lifestyle modifications and support from caregivers.

F03:

F03 is a diagnostic code in the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision (ICD-10) used to classify unspecified dementia.

Dementia is a syndrome characterized by a progressive decline in cognitive function and other mental abilities, such as memory, language, judgment, and reasoning. There are many different causes of dementia, including Alzheimer's disease, vascular disease, and other diseases and conditions that affect the brain.

The F03 code is used to classify cases of dementia where the underlying cause is unspecified. This may occur in cases where a definitive diagnosis cannot be made, or where there are multiple potential causes of dementia.

The symptoms of dementia can vary depending on the underlying cause, but common symptoms may include memory loss, difficulty with language and communication, poor judgment, and disorientation. As the disease progresses, individuals may experience personality changes, mood swings, and behavioral problems.

Diagnosis of dementia typically involves a comprehensive evaluation of the individual's medical history, cognitive function, and other symptoms, along with imaging tests such as MRI or CT scans. Treatment may involve medications to manage symptoms, as well as lifestyle modifications and support from caregivers.

The F03 code is just one of several codes in the F00-F09 range used to classify different types of dementia and organic or symptomatic mental disorders. It is important to note that an unspecified dementia diagnosis does not necessarily mean that the individual does not have a specific underlying cause of their symptoms.

F04:

F04 is a diagnostic code in the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision (ICD-10) used to classify delirium.

Delirium is a state of acute confusion that is characterized by a disturbance in attention and awareness, as well as changes in cognition and perception. It is a common complication of many medical conditions, especially in older adults.

The symptoms of delirium can vary but often include confusion, disorientation, altered consciousness, and hallucinations or delusions. Individuals with delirium may also experience changes in sleep patterns, agitation, or lethargy.

Diagnosis of delirium typically involves a comprehensive evaluation of the individual's medical history, cognitive function, and other symptoms, along with laboratory tests to identify potential underlying causes. Treatment may involve addressing any underlying medical conditions, medications to manage symptoms, and environmental modifications to promote a calm and supportive environment.

The F04 code is used to classify cases of delirium that are due to a physical or organic cause, such as a medical condition or medication side effect.

F05:

F05 is a diagnostic code in the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision (ICD-10) used to classify delirium not induced by alcohol or other psychoactive substances.

Delirium is a state of acute confusion that is characterized by a disturbance in attention and awareness, as well as changes in cognition and perception. It is a common complication of many medical conditions, especially in older adults.

The symptoms of delirium can vary but often include confusion, disorientation, altered consciousness, and hallucinations or delusions. Individuals with delirium may also experience changes in sleep patterns, agitation, or lethargy.

Diagnosis of delirium typically involves a comprehensive evaluation of the individual's medical history, cognitive function, and other symptoms, along with laboratory tests to identify potential underlying causes. Treatment may involve addressing any underlying medical conditions, medications to manage symptoms, and environmental modifications to promote a calm and supportive environment.

The F05 code is used to classify cases of delirium that are not due to the use of alcohol or other psychoactive substances.

F06:

F06 is a diagnostic code in the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision (ICD-10) used to classify a group of mental disorders due to a general medical condition.

This code is used to describe a range of symptoms and conditions that are caused by an underlying medical condition. Examples of medical conditions that can cause mental symptoms include brain tumors, infections, metabolic imbalances, and neurological disorders.

The symptoms of F06 disorders can vary depending on the underlying medical condition, but they often involve changes in mood, perception, or behavior. Some individuals may experience hallucinations or delusions, while others may have difficulty with memory or cognitive processing.

Diagnosis of F06 disorders typically involves a comprehensive evaluation of the individual's medical history, including any existing medical conditions or medications. Laboratory tests and imaging studies may be used to identify potential underlying causes. Treatment may involve managing the underlying medical condition, as well as medications to manage symptoms.

It is important to note that F06 disorders are different from primary psychiatric disorders, which do not have an identifiable medical cause.

F07:

F07 is a diagnostic code in the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision (ICD-10) used to classify personality and behavioral disorders due to brain disease, damage, and dysfunction.

This code is used to describe a range of personality and behavioral changes that can occur as a result of brain disease, damage, or dysfunction. Examples of conditions that may lead to F07 disorders include traumatic brain injury, stroke, and neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease.

The symptoms of F07 disorders can vary depending on the underlying condition and the specific areas of the brain that are affected. Individuals with F07 disorders may experience changes in mood, behavior, and cognitive function. They may have difficulty with memory, judgment, and decision-making, and may display impulsivity or disinhibition.

Diagnosis of F07 disorders typically involves a comprehensive evaluation of the individual's medical history, including any existing medical conditions or medications. Imaging studies such as CT scans or MRIs may be used to identify potential brain damage or dysfunction. Treatment may involve managing the underlying medical condition, as well as medications to manage symptoms.

It is important to note that F07 disorders are different from primary psychiatric disorders, which do not have an identifiable medical cause.

F08:

F08 is a diagnostic code in the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision (ICD-10) used to classify a group of mental disorders due to a general medical condition not elsewhere classified.

This code is used to describe a range of cognitive and behavioral changes that are caused by an underlying medical condition that cannot be classified under any other code in the F00-F09 range. Examples of medical conditions that can cause F08 disorders include brain tumors, infections, metabolic imbalances, and neurological disorders.

The symptoms of F08 disorders can vary depending on the underlying medical condition, but they often involve changes in mood, perception, or behavior. Some individuals may experience hallucinations or delusions, while others may have difficulty with memory or cognitive processing.

Diagnosis of F08 disorders typically involves a comprehensive evaluation of the individual's medical history, including any existing medical conditions or medications. Laboratory tests and imaging studies may be used to identify potential underlying causes. Treatment may involve managing the underlying medical condition, as well as medications to manage symptoms.

It is important to note that F08 disorders are different from primary psychiatric disorders, which do not have an identifiable medical cause.

F09:

F09 is a diagnostic code in the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision (ICD-10) used to classify a group of mental disorders due to a general medical condition not elsewhere classified.

This code is used to describe a range of mental disorders that are caused by an underlying medical condition that cannot be classified under any other code in the F00-F09 range. Examples of medical conditions that can cause F09 disorders include infections, metabolic imbalances, and neurological disorders.

The symptoms of F09 disorders can vary depending on the underlying medical condition, but they often involve changes in mood, perception, or behavior. Some individuals may experience hallucinations or delusions, while others may have difficulty with memory or cognitive processing.

Diagnosis of F09 disorders typically involves a comprehensive evaluation of the individual's medical history, including any existing medical conditions or medications. Laboratory tests and imaging studies may be used to identify potential underlying causes. Treatment may involve managing the underlying medical condition, as well as medications to manage symptoms.

It is important to note that F09 disorders are different from primary psychiatric disorders, which do not have an identifiable medical cause.

Diagnosis of F01-F09

The diagnosis of mental disorders in the F01-F09 range, which includes organic, including symptomatic, mental disorders, involves a comprehensive evaluation of the individual's medical and psychiatric history, as well as a physical examination and laboratory tests. The diagnosis is usually made by a qualified mental health professional or a physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating mental disorders.

The diagnostic process typically involves gathering information about the individual's symptoms, including their onset, duration, and severity, as well as any associated medical or psychiatric conditions. The healthcare provider may also ask about the individual's family history, medications, and substance use.

Laboratory tests and imaging studies, such as blood tests, MRI, or CT scans, may be used to identify potential underlying medical conditions or brain abnormalities that could be contributing to the individual's symptoms.

To diagnose a specific disorder within the F01-F09 range, the healthcare provider will use the criteria outlined in the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision (ICD-10). The ICD-10 provides a list of symptoms and criteria for each disorder, as well as guidelines for differentiating between similar disorders.

Treatment of F01-F09 disorders typically involves managing the underlying medical condition, as well as medications to manage symptoms. Psychotherapy or other types of therapy may also be used to help the individual cope with their symptoms and improve their overall quality of life. It is important for individuals with F01-F09 disorders to receive ongoing monitoring and care to ensure that their symptoms are effectively managed and their overall health is maintained.

Symptoms of F00-F09

Symptoms of mental disorders can vary depending on the specific disorder and the individual experiencing them. However, some common symptoms of mental disorders may include:

• Changes in mood: feeling sad, irritable, anxious, or overly happy

• Behavioral changes: withdrawing from social activities, engaging in risky behaviors, or exhibiting aggression or violence

• Cognitive changes: having trouble concentrating, difficulty remembering things, or experiencing confusion

• Physical changes: experiencing changes in appetite or sleep patterns, or experiencing physical symptoms like headaches, stomachaches, or muscle tension

• Perceptual changes: experiencing hallucinations or delusions, or experiencing sensory disturbances like hearing voices or seeing things that aren't there

• Emotional changes: experiencing feelings of fear, worry, or panic

It's important to note that experiencing any of these symptoms does not necessarily mean that an individual has a mental disorder. However, if these symptoms persist or interfere with daily life, it may be worth seeking professional help.

Treatments of F00-F09

The treatments for mental disorders can vary depending on the specific disorder and the individual. Here are some common treatments:

• Psychotherapy: Talk therapy with a mental health professional, such as a psychologist or counselor, can help individuals manage symptoms, understand their condition better, and develop coping strategies.

• Medication: Medications, such as antidepressants or antipsychotics, can help manage symptoms of mental disorders.

• Self-care: Practicing self-care, such as exercising regularly, eating a healthy diet, getting enough sleep, and avoiding alcohol and drugs, can help manage symptoms of mental disorders.

• Support groups: Joining a support group can provide individuals with a sense of community and help them feel less isolated.

• Hospitalization: In severe cases, hospitalization may be necessary to provide intensive treatment and ensure the safety of the individual.

• Brain stimulation therapies: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) are two brain stimulation therapies that may be used to treat severe cases of mental disorders.

Who can treat F00-F09

There are several types of mental health professionals who can provide treatment for mental disorders. 

Here are some common ones:

• Psychiatrists: Medical doctors who specialize in the diagnosis, treatment, and management of mental illnesses. They can prescribe medication and provide therapy.

• Psychologists: Professionals with a doctoral degree in psychology who can provide psychotherapy, psychological testing, and assessment.

• Counselors: Professionals with a master's degree in counseling who can provide individual, group, and family therapy.

• Social workers: Professionals with a master's degree in social work who can provide therapy, case management, and advocacy.

• Psychiatric nurses: Nurses with specialized training in mental health who can provide medication management, therapy, and other forms of treatment.

• Peer support specialists: Individuals with lived experience of mental illness who provide support and guidance to others going through similar experiences.

It's important to choose a mental health professional who is trained and licensed to provide the specific type of treatment you need.

Doctors available in India for the treatment of F00-F09:

There are many mental health professionals available in India who can provide treatment for mental disorders. Here are some common ones:

• Psychiatrists: Medical doctors who specialize in the diagnosis, treatment, and management of mental illnesses. They can prescribe medication and provide therapy. *Some well-known psychiatrists in India are Dr. Harish Shetty, Dr. Vikram Patel, and Dr. Samir Parikh*.

• Psychologists: Professionals with a doctoral degree in psychology who can provide psychotherapy, psychological testing, and assessment. 

Some well-known psychologists in India are Dr. Anjali Chhabria, Dr. Prerna Kohli, and Dr. Anuradha Sovani. 

• Counselors: Professionals with a master's degree in counseling who can provide individual, group, and family therapy. 

Some well-known counselors in India are Aruna Broota, Dr. Achal Bhagat, and Dr. Roma Kumar. 

• Social workers: Professionals with a master's degree in social work who can provide therapy, case management, and advocacy. 

Some well-known social workers in India are Dr. Arun John, Dr. Lakshmi Vijayakumar, and Dr. Manjula O'Connor.

• Psychiatric nurses: Nurses with specialized training in mental health who can provide medication management, therapy, and other forms of treatment. 

Some well-known psychiatric nurses in India are Ms. Vandana Patil and Ms. Radha Acharya. 

Hospitals treating F00-F09 in India:

There are many hospitals in India that have departments or units dedicated to the treatment of mental disorders. Some of the well-known hospitals for mental health in India include:

• National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS) - Bangalore

• All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) - Delhi

• VIMHANS - Delhi

• Institute of Mental Health - Chennai

• CMC Vellore - Tamil Nadu

• P.D. Hinduja Hospital and Medical Research Centre - Mumbai

• KEM Hospital - Mumbai

Tata Memorial Centre - Mumbai

• Ruby Hall Clinic - Pune

• Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences - Hyderabad.

These are just a few examples, and there are many other hospitals and clinics in India that provide mental health services.

Medicines for F00-F09

There are various types of medications available to treat mental disorders, and the specific medication prescribed depends on the type and severity of the disorder. 

Here are some common categories of medication used to treat mental disorders:

• Antidepressants: Used to treat depression, anxiety disorders, and other mood disorders. Examples include selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) such as fluoxetine (Prozac) and sertraline (Zoloft).

• Antipsychotics: Used to treat psychotic disorders such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Examples include aripiprazole (Abilify) and olanzapine (Zyprexa).

• Mood stabilizers: Used to treat bipolar disorder and other mood disorders. Examples include lithium (Eskalith) and valproic acid (Depakote).

• Benzodiazepines: Used to treat anxiety disorders and insomnia. Examples include alprazolam (Xanax) and lorazepam (Ativan).

• Stimulants: Used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Examples include methylphenidate (Ritalin) and dextroamphetamine (Adderall).

Natural way treatments for F00-F09

There are several natural ways to manage and treat mental disorders that can be used in addition to or instead of traditional medical treatments. 

Here are some examples:

• Exercise: Physical activity has been shown to improve mood and reduce symptoms of anxiety and depression. Exercise can also boost self-esteem and help with stress management.

• Meditation: Mindfulness meditation can help reduce stress and anxiety, improve mood, and enhance overall well-being. There are many meditation techniques that can be practiced, including guided meditation and breathwork.

• Yoga: Yoga combines physical postures, breathing exercises, and meditation techniques to improve mental and physical health. Regular yoga practice has been shown to reduce symptoms of depression and anxiety and improve overall well-being.

• Herbal supplements: Some herbal supplements, such as St. John's Wort and chamomile, have been shown to be effective in treating mild to moderate depression and anxiety. However, it's important to consult with a healthcare provider before taking any herbal supplements, as they can interact with other medications and cause adverse effects.

• Diet: A healthy diet that includes foods high in omega-3 fatty acids, such as fish, nuts, and seeds, may help reduce symptoms of depression and anxiety. Avoiding alcohol and caffeine and reducing sugar and processed foods may also improve overall mental health.

• Sleep: Getting adequate sleep is essential for mental health. It's recommended to get 7-8 hours of sleep per night and to establish a regular sleep routine.

How long does it take to get cured:

The length of time it takes to get "cured" of a mental disorder can vary depending on the individual, the specific disorder, and the type of treatment being used. In many cases, mental disorders are chronic conditions that require ongoing management rather than a one-time cure. That being said, with appropriate treatment, many people with mental disorders are able to manage their symptoms effectively and live full, fulfilling lives.

The length of treatment can also vary depending on the individual and the severity of their symptoms. 

For example, some people may only need a few months of psychotherapy or medication to manage their symptoms, while others may require ongoing treatment for several years.

It's important to approach treatment with a long-term perspective and to be patient with the process.

How to support the patient 

Supporting a loved one or friend who is dealing with a mental disorder can be challenging, but it's important to remember that your support can make a significant difference in their recovery. Here are some ways you can support someone with a mental disorder:

• Educate yourself: Learn as much as you can about the specific disorder your loved one is dealing with. This can help you understand what they are going through and how you can best support them.

• Be supportive and non-judgmental: Let your loved one know that you are there for them and that you support them. Avoid making judgments or criticizing their behavior.

• Encourage treatment: Encourage your loved one to seek treatment from a mental health professional. Offer to help them find a therapist or psychiatrist and to go with them to appointments if they would like.

• Listen actively: Listen to your loved one and be empathetic. Allow them to express their feelings without interrupting or judging them.

• Help with practical tasks: Offer to help your loved one with practical tasks such as cooking, cleaning, or running errands. This can alleviate stress and allow them to focus on their recovery.

• Take care of yourself: Supporting someone with a mental disorder can be emotionally taxing, so it's important to take care of your own mental health. Make sure to take breaks when you need them and seek support for yourself if necessary.

Remember, supporting someone with a mental disorder is a process that requires patience, understanding, and compassion.